Douglas F. Barnes, Keith Openshaw, Kirk R. Smith and Robert van der Plas
The poorer half of the world's people have long relied for their energy needs on woodfuels. Since the oil shocks of the 1970s, pressure on forest resources has increased and the costs of traditional use of woodfuels have been growing—to the householder, in cash or collection time, and to society in inefficient energy use, deforestation, and local and global harm to health and the environment. Modern, efficient stoves can alleviate some of these problems; programs to design and disseminate them would seem a worthwhile pursuit for development activity.
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